Amur Tiger(Panthera Tigris Tigris)
They are also known as the Siberian Tiger, Manchurian tiger, Korean tiger and the Ussurian tiger depending on where the individuals were observed. The tiger is reddish-rusty, or rusty-yellow in colour, with narrow black transverse strip. They are genetically close to the extinct Caspian tiger. They are the largest subspecies and the largest cat in the world.
Habitat
They are mainly found in eastern russia, although there is a small population in china that depends on the movement of animals crossing the border from russia. It cannot be confirmed in they inhabit North Korea territory. They inhabit high latitudes in taiga and boreal forests. Most are circumscribed to two small areas of Russia, although their range of distribution is greater compared with other tigers, given the low density of prey.
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Diet
They eat several different animal species. An individual typically consumes Musk Deer, Gorals, Moose, Wild Boar, Siberian Roe Deer, Sika Deer, Hares, Rabbits, Pikas and even salmon, and other species of ungulate animals.
Breeding
They can mate at any time during the year as long as they have reached sexual maturity, which occurs around four years of age. Females leave marks of smell and scratches in the trees to let males know they are receptive. Mating occurs during 5-6 days that both sexes have been together. Males leave females, so full responsibility of the offspring is the mother. Once pregnant tigresses give birth after a period of 3 to 3 and a half months, where they give birth to between 2-4 cubs sometimes even 6. The offspring spend a lot of time playing and feeding until they are 18 months old when they start hunting. They do not seperate from their mother until they are 2-3 years old.
Population
According to the IUCN Red List, they are classed as Endangered(E) and their population trend is decreasing. Unfortunately, the Siberian tiger has faced difficult times, full of threats derived mainly from human activities. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has classified the Siberian Tiger as Endangered, but in the 1990s it was Critically Endangered. One of its worst times was in the early twentieth century since in the 1930’s the population fell to about 20-30 individuals. A 2005 census estimated a small population of 360 specimens.
Threats
The main risks are habitat loss and poaching with the intention to supply the black market with body parts to use them for medical purposes. On the other hand, poaching of other animal species reduces food sources, which put them into conflict with humans when they attack domestic livestock.
Conservation
This tiger is included in Appendix I of CITES, in the same group of Animals that are in great danger. Also, the Siberian Tiger Project launched in 1992, based its operation on studies and data collections, and the creation of a conservation plan. In 2010, the governments of Russia and China signed an agreement to improve the conservation of protected areas in the transboundary region.